HSK 2
Correct

很 vs 真 vs 太

/ hěn vs zhēn vs tài /
Strokes
https://i.cchatty2.com/filters:format(webp)/fit-in/684x0/img/202005/很vs真vs太-Chinese-grammar-Cchatty-yyyy-1589851782.jpg

Formula

1
太……了
2
真 + Adjective
3
太 + Adjective + (了)
4
很 + Noun
5
很(真)(太) + Verb + ……
6
真 + Verb
7
太(很)+ Adjective + 的 + Noun
8
不是 + 很
9
不(不是)+ 太

Definition

很, 真 and 太 are all Adverbs, used to indicate a high degree, means [very, so, quite]:

 

1. 很, indicates a common degree without any tone of exclamation but only with an objective description,

 

2, 真, indicates a high degree and a tone of exclamation,

 

3, 太, indicates a very high degree and has the meaning of "excessively", or over the standard of the speaker's expectation. It has a strong tone of exclamation.

Example

很 vs 真
When 真 is used, the speaker is often talking to the listener face to face or giving an exclamation on the spot.

In contrast, when 很 is used, it does not have to be so.
1
Xiāngshān
香山
de
fēngjǐng
风景
zhēn
piàoliang
漂亮
  
  
(
shuōhuà
说话
rén
zhèshíhòu
这时候
zài
xiāngshān
香山
  
  
)

The scenery in Fragrance Hill is really beautiful. (The speaker is on the Fragrance Hill now.)

2
Xiāngshān
香山
de
fēngjǐng
风景
hěn
piàoliang
漂亮
  
  
(
shuōhuà
说话
rén
dìng
一定
zài
xiāngshān
香山
  
  
)

The scenery in Fragrance Hill is very beautiful. (The speaker is not necessarily on the Fragrance Hill now.)

太……了 and 真 + Adjective, are structures for making exclamations, 太……了 indicates a rather high degree.
太……了 真 + Adjective
3
Zhèrde
这儿
fēng
jǐngzhēn
风景
piào
liang  
漂亮
  
  
=
zhèrde
这儿
fēng
jǐngtài
风景
piào
liangle
漂亮
  
  

The scenery is so beautiful here.

4
de
xiě
de
zhēn
hǎo
  
  
=
de
xiě
de
tài
hǎo
le
  
!

You write characters quite well!

太 can also be used to indicate the speaker's dissatisfaction because he feels the degree is unreasonably high.
if 太 is not followed by 了, it usually expresses dissatisfaction, eg) 太乱了, 太脏了
太 + Adjective + (了)
5
xiě
de
tài
kuài
le
  
,
suǒ
所以
zǒngshì
总是
chūcuò
出错
  

You write too fast, so you always make mistakes.

6
men
他们
shuōhuà
说话
de
shēngyīn
声音
tài
le
  
,
chǎo
de
men
我们
shuì
zhāo
jiào
  

They talked so loudly that we couldn't sleep.

7
Zhèrtài
这儿
zāng
le
  
  

It's too dirty here.

Only 很 can be used before nouns. Neither 真 nor 太 can be used in this way.
很 + Noun
8
de
ye
爷爷
shì
wèi
hěn
jiànkāng
健康
de
lǎorén
老人
  

Your grandpa is a healthy old man.

很, 真 and 太 can also modify a few verbs or phrases expressing mentalities and emotions, such as 喜欢, 讨厌, 想, etc.
and 真 modify common verbs to emphasize that the cases are true.
很(真)(太) + Verb + …… 真 + Verb
9
tài
xiǎng
chī
dàngāo
蛋糕
le
  
!

He wants to eat cake so badly.

10
wèi
大卫
hěn
huan
喜欢
zhōngcān
中餐
  

David like Chinese food very much.

11
A
A
  
:
zhīdào
知道
ma
  
?
B
B
  
:
zhēn
zhīdào
知道
  
!

A: Do you know ? B: I really don't know.

when 真 modifies an adjective, the adjective cannot modify a noun as an attributive while 太 and 很 can.
真 + Adjective + 的 + Noun (X) // eg, 很漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。(X)
太(很)+ Adjective + 的 + Noun
12
Tài
太热
de
tiān

The weather is so hot.

13
Hěn
hǎo
de
shū

a good book

很 and 太, their negative forms
很 --> 不是 + 很
太 --> 不(不是)+ 太
真, does not have a negative form.

The negative forms in these example sentences are used to negate "a high degree", that is, they are used to indicate the degree is not high, but low.
不是 + 很 不(不是)+ 太
14
shi
hěn
huì
yóuyǒng
游泳
  

He is not good at swimming.

15
tài
huì
yóuyǒng
游泳
  

The swimmer is not very skillful.

Mistake

太 + Adjective + Noun, when it expresses dissatisfaction, however, the pattern cannot express praise.

eg, 他买到了太好的汉语书。(X)

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with 很, 真, 太:

 

1. 读者的反应说明这是一本( )好的书。

2. 你长得( )高了,我不能跟你比。

3. 这些小孩儿( )聪明了!

4. 他们是一群学习( )认真的学生。

5. 你唱歌唱得( )好啊,再唱一首吧。

6. 经过三次修改,这里面还有( )多错误,说明你( )不认真了。

7. 写得不是( )好的作文,应该多修改。

8. 他是一个( )幽默的人,我们都很喜欢他。