HSK 1
Correct
不 vs 没 vs 别
/ bú vs méi vs bié /
Strokes
/fit-in/684x0/img/202211/不-vs-没-vs-别-Chinese-grammar-Cchatty-682b1e57-f69b-4373-9775-3c57949f506a-1668082229.jpg)
Formula
1
不 + Verb（+ Object）
2
不 + Verb（+ Object）+ 了
3
没+动词+……
4
没+动词+过
5
没+动词+着+......
6
别 + Verb
7
别 + Verb + 了
8
不 + Adjective
9
不 + Adjective + 了
10
（还）+ 没 + Adjective
11
别 + 太 + Adjective + （了）
Definition
不, 没, 别 are all adverbs of negative meaning, andd 没/没有 can also act as a Verb.
Example
Before a verb.
不 is usually used to negate what is happening or what will happen. 不 negates one's personal wishes. It indicates that one does not want to do something. It also indicates that a plan or idea changes and it is often followed by 了.
不 + Verb（+ Object）
不 + Verb（+ Object）+ 了
1
Wǒ
我
bù
不
qù
去
yīyuàn
医院
。
I don't go to hospital.
2
Dàwèi
大卫
bù
不
qù
去
lǚxíng
旅行
le
了
,
tā
他
shēngbìng
生病
le
了
。
David doesn't go to travel, he is sick.
Before a verb.
没 negates something that has happened; 没 negates something objectively existing. It also indicates that an event does not happen, a person does not experience an event, or a person or a thing is not in a particular state.
Attention :(1) In negation, 了 is omitted in a sentence with 了. (2) 不 instead of 没 is used to negate what happens habitually. Eg,马丁常常不去上课.
Attention :(1) In negation, 了 is omitted in a sentence with 了. (2) 不 instead of 没 is used to negate what happens habitually. Eg,马丁常常不去上课.
没+动词+……
没+动词+过
没+动词+着+......
3
Háizi
孩子
bìng
病
le
了
,
māma
妈妈
méi
没
qù
去
shàngbān
上班
。
This child was sick, him mom didn't go to work.
4
Yǐqián
以前
tā
他
méi
没
páguò
爬过
chángchéng
长城
。
He hasn't been to the Great Wall before.
5
Dàwèi
大卫
tǎngzhāo
躺着
,
méi
没
zuò
坐
zhāo
着
。
David is lying, not sitting.
Before a verb.
别 is used in a face-to-face conversation to tell the listener neither to take any action nor to continue doing like this.
别 + Verb
别 + Verb + 了
6
Háizi
孩子
men
们
,
biè
别
shuōhuà
说话
。
Children, don't talk.
7
Biè
别
wán
玩
le
了
。
Don't play.
Before an adjective
不 is used to negate the nature of a matter or indicate that a state does not continue any more.
不 + Adjective
不 + Adjective + 了
8
Zhè
这
jiàn
件
yīfu
衣服
bù
不
biànyí
便宜
。
This piece of clothing is not cheap.
9
Tā
她
yǐjīng
已经
bù
不
niánqīng
年轻
le
了
。
She is not so young any more.
Before an adjective
没 indicates that a change does not occur.
（还）+ 没 + Adjective
10
Tā
他
de
的
bìng
病
hái
还
méi
没
hǎo
好
。
He is not well yet.
Before an adjective
In a face-to-face conversation, 别 is used to tell the listener not to exceed a limit.
别 + 太 + Adjective + （了）
11
Biè
别
tài
太
gāo
高
(
le
了
)
!
Don't be too high!
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with 不, 没 or 别:
快放寒假了，同学们都在说自己的计划。大卫说：“原来我打算去上海旅行，可是现在我（ ）去了，我的朋友来北京看我，我（ ）能让他一个人在这儿，我要在北京陪他玩。”马丁说：“我（ ）打算在北京，我 （ ）去过哈尔滨，我要跟中国朋友去那儿玩。”玛丽说：（ ）去哈尔滨！听说气温零下三十多度，太冷了！还是去海南岛吧，一点也（ ）冷。”
早上起来，小刚觉得（ ）舒服，他（ ）去上课，去了医院。医生说他发烧了，要在宿舍休息。他给玛丽打电说：“请你告诉老师，我发烧了，今天（ ）去上课了。”小刚睡了一天，到了晚上他的头已经（ ）那么热了。玛丽来看他，说：“（ ）着急，老师说会给你补课的。”