HSK 5
Correct
已经 vs 曾经
/ yǐ jīng vs céng jīng /
Strokes
Formula
1
已经……了
2
已经……过……了
3
曾经……过
4
还 + 没(有) + Verb
5
从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过
6
不 + 曾经 + Verb + 过
Definition
已经 and 曾经 are Adverbs of Time (时间副词), means [already; yet], and often used before an action verb to indicate something happened in the past.
1, 已经 means something "has been done"
2, 曾经 means something "was done"
3, difeerent negative form
已经 + Verb --> 还 + 没(有) + Verb
曾经 + Verb --> 从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过
已经 HSK 2
曾经 HSK 5
Example
已经 and 曾经, they are different in their semantic meanings.
已经 emphasizes something "has been done",
曾经 emphasizes something "was done", which generally has nothing to do with the present situation.
已经 in the structure "已经……了" emphasizes "have/has done something";
曾经 in the structure "曾经……过" emphasizes "did something".
If the emphasis is on the occurrence and completion of an action, the structure "已经……过……了" is used. A specific time adverbial is often used in such a sentence.
曾经 emphasizes something "was done", which generally has nothing to do with the present situation.
已经 in the structure "已经……了" emphasizes "have/has done something";
曾经 in the structure "曾经……过" emphasizes "did something".
If the emphasis is on the occurrence and completion of an action, the structure "已经……过……了" is used. A specific time adverbial is often used in such a sentence.
已经……了
已经……过……了
曾经……过
1
Tā
他
yǐjīng
已经
dào
到
zhōngguó
中国
le
了
。
(
xiànzài
现在
hái
还
zài
在
zhōngguó
中国
。
)
He has arrived China. (He is still in China now.)
2
Tā
他
céngjīng
曾经
dào
到
guò
过
zhōngguó
中国
。
(
bù
不
zhīdào
知道
xiànzài
现在
zài
在
nǎr
哪儿
,
yě
也
bù
不
zhòngyào
重要
。
)
He was in China before. (But we do not know where he is now and it does not matter.)
3
Jīntiān
今天
tā
他
yǐjīng
已经
liànxí
练习
guò
过
tàijíquán
太极拳
le
了
。
He has practiced shadow-boxing today.
已经 and 曾经, their negative forms are different.
已经 + Verb --> 还 + 没(有) + Verb
曾经 + Verb --> 从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过
不 + 曾经 + Verb + 过
曾经 + Verb --> 从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过
不 + 曾经 + Verb + 过
还 + 没(有) + Verb
从来 + 没(有) + Verb + 过
不 + 曾经 + Verb + 过
4
Wǒ
我
yǐjīng
已经
chībǎo
吃饱
le
了
。
I am full.
5
Gōngzuò
工作
yǐhòu
以后
wǒ
我
háishi
还是
jīngcháng
经常
qù
去
chànggē
唱歌
。
I often go singing after work.
6
Xiǎowáng
小王
céngjīng
曾经
xué
学
guò
过
hànyǔ
汉语
。
Xiao wang has learned Chinese before.
已经 is also used to indicate the completion of an action in the future, and 曾经 cannot.
7
Wèilái
未来
de
的
nǎ
哪
yī
一
tiān
天
,
shuōbudìng
说不定
rénlèi
人类
yǐjīng
已经
dào
到
huǒxīng
火星
shàngqù
上去
le
了
。
People may go to Mars one day in the future.
8
Shí
十
nián
年
yǐhòu
以后
,
děng
等
wǒ
我
yǐjīng
已经
bú
不
shi
是
xiǎoháir
小孩儿
de
的
shíhou
时候
,
wǒ
我
jiù
就
kěyǐ
可以
zìjǐ
自己
zuō
作
juédìng
决定
le
了
。
Ten years later, when I'm no longer a child, I can make a decision by myself.
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with 已经 or 曾经:
1. 今天早上他( )到中国了,现在正在房间睡觉。
2. 他说他不想去西安旅行,因为他去年( )去过西安了。
3. 他( )是一位老师,但是现在是一位作家。
4. 今天我18岁,10年后的今天我就( )28岁了。
5. 我( )是个小孩儿,但是现在我( )长大了。
6. 我( )做完作业了。
7. 我( )在青岛住,现在不在那儿住。
8. 我想下个月去上海旅行,听说你( )去过,你有什么建议吗?