1. 于是 yúshì
Usage: Indicates a sequential relationship where the second action naturally follows from the first. It often implies a direct and logical progression of events.
Nuance: Used more in narratives or storytelling to describe actions/events.
Register: Informal, commonly used in spoken or written language.
Example:
· 昨天下雨,我忘了带伞,于是我淋湿了。 (Yesterday it rained, I forgot to bring an umbrella, so I got wet.)
· 他没有吃早餐,于是中午就特别饿。 (He didn’t eat breakfast, so he was especially hungry by noon.)
2. 因此 yīncǐ
Usage: Indicates a cause-and-effect relationship with a more formal tone. It is often used in explanations, reasoning, or formal writing.
Nuance: Highlights the cause of the result; typically comes after explicitly stating the cause.
Register: Formal, used in essays, reports, or academic writing.
Example:
· 他努力学习,因此得到了好成绩。 (He studied hard; therefore, he achieved good grades.)
· 工厂污染了河水,因此被政府罚款。 (The factory polluted the river; therefore, it was fined by the government.)
Comparison
Feature 于是 因此
Focus Sequence of actions/events Cause-and-effect relationship
Context Narrative, storytelling Formal explanation, reasoning
Tone Informal Formal
Preceding Statement Often describes events directly leading to the next Often explicitly states a reason or
cause
Sometimes, 于是 and 因此 can appear in the same context if you want to highlight both the logical sequence and the cause-and-effect relationship.
Example:
他生病了,因此无法来上课,于是老师延迟了考试。
(He was sick, so he couldn't attend class. Therefore, the teacher postponed the exam.)
(more)Usage: Indicates a sequential relationship where the second action naturally follows from the first. It often implies a direct and logical progression of events.
Nuance: Used more in narratives or storytelling to describe actions/events.
Register: Informal, commonly used in spoken or written language.
Example:
· 昨天下雨,我忘了带伞,于是我淋湿了。 (Yesterday it rained, I forgot to bring an umbrella, so I got wet.)
· 他没有吃早餐,于是中午就特别饿。 (He didn’t eat breakfast, so he was especially hungry by noon.)
2. 因此 yīncǐ
Usage: Indicates a cause-and-effect relationship with a more formal tone. It is often used in explanations, reasoning, or formal writing.
Nuance: Highlights the cause of the result; typically comes after explicitly stating the cause.
Register: Formal, used in essays, reports, or academic writing.
Example:
· 他努力学习,因此得到了好成绩。 (He studied hard; therefore, he achieved good grades.)
· 工厂污染了河水,因此被政府罚款。 (The factory polluted the river; therefore, it was fined by the government.)
Comparison
Feature 于是 因此
Focus Sequence of actions/events Cause-and-effect relationship
Context Narrative, storytelling Formal explanation, reasoning
Tone Informal Formal
Preceding Statement Often describes events directly leading to the next Often explicitly states a reason or
cause
Sometimes, 于是 and 因此 can appear in the same context if you want to highlight both the logical sequence and the cause-and-effect relationship.
Example:
他生病了,因此无法来上课,于是老师延迟了考试。
(He was sick, so he couldn't attend class. Therefore, the teacher postponed the exam.)