明明 vs 明（近义词）

1)Both are conjunctive adverbs used in one clause to stress the truth of a fact,whereas the other clause points out a situation which appears to be opposite to the fact:
2)Only in example①are the two words interchangeable,because 明 usually appears only before 知 and 知道.
3)明明 can also be used in a rhetorical question to emphasize the assertion,implying "although it may not be so seemingly "or "although sb.may doubt the truth".明 cannot be so used: