Correct

干 vs 做 vs 搞

/ gàn vs zuò vs gǎo /
Strokes

Definition

干, 做 and 搞 all are Verbs, which mean “to do something”, and can be applied to a lot of occasions.

 

搞事情 is a network buzzword, which means "making trouble". However, this word belongs to the meaning of teasing. It does not really mean doing something bad, but the funny teasing between friends and acquaintances, which means "are you joking me".

Example

做 is used to mean "to make", and sometimes 搞 can be used instead.
One can also say 搞出:

他自己动手,搞(出)了一个电脑.

But 搞 is never used in such idiomatic collocation as 做衣服.
1
自己
dòngshǒu
动手
  
,
zuò
  
(
gǎo
  
)
le
diànnǎo
电脑
  

He assembled a computer by himself.

2
Yòng
zhèkuài
这块
liàozi
料子
  
,
可以
zuò
shēn
一身
西服
  

The cloth can be made a suit.

To mean to engage in certain work or activity", if it is on a large scale, 干 or 搞 is used; if it is ordinary, 做 is used.
干, 搞, and 做, all have customary collocations: (X is incorrect)

干事业,搞事业,(做事业 X)

干工业,搞工业,(做工业 X)

干教育,搞教育,(做教育 X)

干基建,搞基建,(做基建 X)

(干生产 X),搞生产,(做生产 X)

干工作,搞工作,做工作

干建设,搞建设,(做建设 X)

干艺术,搞艺术,(做艺术 X)

干买卖,搞买卖,做买卖

(干生意 X),搞生意,做生意

(干工 X),(搞工 X),做工

干事,(搞事 X),做事

干活,(搞活 X),做活
3
ge
那个
guójiā
国家
zhèngzài
正在
gàn
大干
  
(
gǎo
  
)
jiànshè
建设
  

That country is doing a lot of construction.

做 is usually used, to mean to hold the post of.
4
qián
以前
zuò
guò
shòuhuòyuán
售货员
  

He used to work as a salesman.

5
huan
喜欢
zuò
lǎoshī
老师
  

He doesn't like being a teacher.

做 is also used to mean "cultural or artistic creation".
6
Diànshìtái
电视台
zhèngzài
正在
zuò
guān
关于
yóu
旅游
de
jié
节目
  

The TV station is doing a show about tourism.

7
kòng
空余
de
shíhou
时候
huan
喜欢
zuòzuò
做做
shī
  
,
zuòzuò
做做
huà
  

In his spare time, he likes to make poetry and paint.

搞 is used to mean "to secure or to manage to get".
8
zi
肚子
è
饿
le
  
,
gǎo
diǎn
dōng
东西
lái
gěi
chī
  

He's hungry, you go get something to feed him.

9
zhèngdāng
正当
de
fāngshì
方式
gǎo
qián
  

He got his money in dishonest ways.

搞 is used in human relations and personnel matters.
10
Gǎohǎo
搞好
rénguānxi
人际关系
duì
men
我们
de
shì
事业
zhǎn
发展
hěn
zhòngyào
重要
  

Good relationships are important for our career development.

11
kuài
shí
四十
suì
le
hái
méiyòng
没用
gǎo
duìxiàng
对象
  

He's almost forty years old, and he hasn't had to engage with an object.

干, 做 and 搞 all can be used to mean "accomplishment".
12
Zuò
  
(
gàn
  
)
  
(
gǎo
  
)
xíng
一行
  
,
jiùyào
就要
zuò
  
(
gàn
  
)
  
(
gǎo
  
)
chū
míngtáng
名堂
lái
  

If you do something, you have to do something great.

干, 做 and 搞, each of the three also has its own usage.
做 means "to celebrate", 做生日 (celebrate a birthday), and 做寿 (celebrate or hold a birthday for an old person),

搞 means "to carry out with a derogatory sense", 搞小动作 (do damage to),

干 "means to kill", 干掉 (to kill).
13
men
他们
zhǔnbèi
准备
gěi
ye
爷爷
zuò
shí
七十
suì
de
shòu
寿
  

They are ready to make a seventieth birthday for grandpa.

14
yuè
yōuxiù
优秀
  
,
bèihòu
背后
duì
gǎo
xiǎodòngzuò
小动作
de
rén
jiù
yuè
duō
  

The better you are, the more people will play tricks on you behind your back.

15
Zhànshì
战士
men
chōng
chū
zhànháo
战壕
  
,
gàndiào
干掉
le
qiánmiàn
前面
de
rén
敌人
  

The soldiers rushed out of their trenches and finished off the enemy in front of them.

In colloquial languages, 干什么 is often used.
16
zài
gàn
  
(
zuò
  
)
shénme
什么
ne
  
?

What are you doing now? (ordinary inquiry)

17
Zhèzhǒng
这种
机器
shì
gàn
  
(
zuò
  
)
shénme
什么
de
  
?

What is the use of the machine? (inquire about the usage)

18
gànshénme
干什么
zhèyàng
这样
shēng
生气
  
?

Why are you so angry? (to show puzzlement)

19
men
我们
gàn
  
(
zuò
  
)
  
(
gǎo
  
)
diǎnr  
点儿
shénme
什么
xiāoqiǎn
消遣
xiāoqiǎn
消遣
ne
  
?

What shall we do to entertain ourselves? (other inquiry)