HSK 1
Correct
哪儿 vs 什么 vs 怎么 vs 谁
/ nǎr vs shénme vs zěnme vs shuí /
Strokes
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Formula
1
（无论/不管 +）疑问词（Interrogative pronouns）+ 也/都……
2
…… Interrogative pronoun1 …… 就 …… Interrogative pronoun2
Definition
1, 哪儿, 什么, 怎么, 谁 are interrogative words, which can be used to ask questions,
2, When they are used not to raise questions:
2.1 The structure "interrogative word + 也/都 is used as a general reference to mean "any" or "all",
2.2 They are used as functional references to indicate things that the speaker doesn't know or doesn't need to mention,
2.3 They are used in rhetorical quesitons to express affirmation.
Example
哪儿, 什么, 怎么 and 谁 are used to ask questions.
Used as interrogative pronouns.
1
Xiànzài
现在
nǐ
你
zài
在
shénme
什么
dìfāng
地方
?
Where are you now?
2
Shuí
谁
shì
是
wǒmen
我们
de
的
hànyǔ
汉语
lǎoshī
老师
?
Who is our Chinese teacher?
（无论/不管 +）疑问词（Interrogative pronouns）+ 也/都……
Used as relative pronouns, they are used as a general reference to "every member" or "all the members" of a group with a tone of exaggeration.
（无论/不管 +）疑问词（Interrogative pronouns）+ 也/都……
3
Xiǎomíng
小明
hěn
很
ài
爱
kàn
看
shū
书
,
(
wúlùn
无论
/
bùguǎn
不管
)
shénme
什么
dōu
都
zhīdào
知道
。
Xiao ming loves reading a lot, he knows everything.
4
Shuí
谁
yě
也
bù
不
zhīdào
知道
fāshēng
发生
le
了
shénme
什么
shì
事
.
No one knew what happened.
Used as a functional reference to things that the speaker doesn't know or doesn't need to mention.
5
Wǒmen
我们
qù
去
chāoshì
超市
mǎi
买
diǎnr
点儿
shénme
什么
chī
吃
de
的
bā
吧
.
。
(
zhòngyào
重要
de
的
shì
是
yào
要
qù
去
mǎi
买
chī
吃
de
的
,
mǎi
买
shénme
什么
hái
还
méi
没
xiǎng
想
hǎo
好
)
Let's go to the supermarket and buy something to eat. (The important point is we will buy some food, but we have not decided what to buy.)
6
Zhè
这
shǒu
首
gē
歌
hǎoxiàng
好像
zài
在
nǎr
哪儿
tīng
听
guò
过
。
(
chóngdiǎn
重点
zài
在
tīng
听
guò
过
,
zài
在
nǎr
哪儿
tīng
听
guò
过
bìng
并
bù
不
zhòngyào
重要
。
)
I think I've heard this song before. (The important point is that I have heard the song. It does not matter where I heard it.)
Used in rhetorical questions
7
Zhè
这
jiàn
件
shì
事
shuí
谁
bù
不
zhīdào
知道
ā
啊
!
Anyone knew this thing.
8
Nǐ
你
kàn
看
zhè
这
dàjiē
大街
shàng
上
nǎr
哪儿
bú
不
shi
是
rén
人
ā
啊
!
Everywhere there are people on the street.
Unspecific reference
An interrogative pronoun is used to substitute a referent or a few referents, which is not specific. When an interrogative pronoun appears twice in a sentence, the referents are the same. In most cases, the first part of the sentence is a condition and the second is a result.
…… Interrogative pronoun1 …… 就 …… Interrogative pronoun2
9
A
A
:
kěyǐ
可以
wèn
问
nǐ
你
yīxiē
一些
wèntí
问题
ma
吗
?
B
B
:
nǐ
你
xiǎng
想
wèn
问
shénme
什么
jiù
就
wèn
问
shénme
什么
bā
吧
。
A: Can I ask you some questions ? B: You can ask whatever you want to know.
10
A
A
:
zuò
坐
huǒchē
火车
hǎo
好
háishi
还是
fēijī
飞机
hǎo
好
?
B
B
:
nǐ
你
juéde
觉得
nǎge
哪个
fāngbiàn
方便
zuò
坐
nǎge
哪个
。
A: By train or by plane, which one is better ? B: You can take whichever is convenient for you.
Other non-interrogative usages.
1) 哪儿 can be used alone as a reply by itself to indicate disagreement. It is usually followed by the interjection 啊 to form the structure 哪儿啊！
2) Interrogative pronouns are used alone to express a surprising tone.
3) In spoken Chinese, 什么的 is equivalent to 等等 (etc).
2) Interrogative pronouns are used alone to express a surprising tone.
3) In spoken Chinese, 什么的 is equivalent to 等等 (etc).
11
A
A
:
hànyǔ
汉语
hěn
很
nán
难
bā
吧
?
B
B
:
nǎr
哪儿
ā
啊
,
tǐng
挺
jiǎndān
简单
de
的
.
=
bú
不
shi
是
ā
啊
,
tǐng
挺
jiǎndān
简单
de
的
.
A: Chinese is very difficult, right ? B: No, it's easy.
12
Shénme
什么
?
Zhè
这
jiàn
件
yīfu
衣服
5000
5000
kuài
块
!
What ! This dress is 5000 yuan !
13
Wǒ
我
xǐhuan
喜欢
chànggē
唱歌
、
tiàowǔ
跳舞
、
dá
打
lánqiú
篮球
shénme
什么
de
的
。
I like singing, dancing, playing basketball, etc.
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with 什么, 哪儿, 怎么, 谁, 哪天
1. 小林很喜欢吃中国菜，（ ）中国菜都爱吃。
2. 他在中国住了二十多年了，中国（ ）地方他都去过。
3. 那个地方太难找了，用了（ ）方法也没找到。
4. 这个题目很简单，（ ）都会做。
5. （ ）我们去爬山吧。
6. 我好像听（ ）说过这句话。
7. A：你在中国生活两年了，认识了很多中国朋友吧？ B：（ ），只认识两三个。
8. A：（ ）去天安门 ? B：走路, 坐公共汽车, 坐出租车, 坐地铁都可以到天安门。