HSK 3
Correct

就 vs 只

/ jiù vs zhǐ /
Strokes
https://i.cchatty2.com/filters:format(webp)/fit-in/684x0/img/202005/就vs只-Chinese-grammar-Cchatty-yyyy-1589851764.jpg

Formula

1
就 + Quantifier
2
就 + sb. /sth.
3
就 + Noun
4
只 + Verb
5
只 + Verb1 + 不 + Verb2
6
Sb. /Sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Object
7
Sb. /Sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Quantifier

Definition

就 and 只 both Adverbs of Scope (范围副词), means "just" or "only", used to delimit a scope.

 

1, 就

就 + Quantifier (数量词)

就 + sb. /sth. + Verb

就 + Noun

 

2, 只

只能

只可以

 

3, 就(只)

sb./sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Object

sb./sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Quantifier

Example

就 + Quantifier
就 + Quantifier
1
A
A
  
:
yǒu
tái
diànnǎo
电脑
  
?
B
B
  
:
jiù
tái
  

A: How many computers do you have? B: Only one.

2
de
qiánbāo
钱包
jiù
5
5
kuài
qián
  

There is only five dollars in my purse.

就 + sb. /sth.
只 cannot be directly followed by somebody or something
就 + sb. /sth.
3
Zuótiān
昨天
shuí
dōu
méi
chídào
迟到
  
,
jiù
chídào
迟到
le
  

Nobody else was late but him.

4
其他
dōng
东西
dōu
diū
le
  
,
jiù
shǒu
手机
méiyǒu
没有
diū
  

All items are missing, except the phone.

就 + Noun, used to express "only Noun"
就 + Noun
5
A
A
  
:
guò
xiē
哪些
fāng
地方
  
?
B
B
  
:
jiù
běijīng
北京
shànghǎi
上海
  

A: Which places have you been to? B: Only Beijing and Shanghai.

只 + Verb
只 + Verb 只 + Verb1 + 不 + Verb2
6
wǎnshang
晚上
zàijiā
在家
zhī
xué
学习
  
,
kàn
diànshì
电视
  

He doesn't watch TV, only studies at home.

7
Kāihuì
开会
shí
  
,
zhī
tīng
shuō
  
.

He was just listening, not speaking where in a meeting.

只 + 能(可以)
只能 or 只可以 is often used to ask someone to do something.
8
Zhèxiē
这些
dōng
东西
  
,
jiā
大家
zhǐnéng
只能
kàn
  
,
néng
dòng
  

We can only look at these things, but we can't touch them.

9
  
个人
rén
zhī
可以
jiè
sān
běn
shū

One can only borrow three .

就 and 只 both can be used.
Sb. /Sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Object Sb. /Sth. + 就(只) + Verb + Quantifier
10
jiù
  
(
zhī
  
)
xué
guò
yīng
英语
  

I only learned English before.

11
jiù
  
(
zhī
  
)
huì
shuō
hàn
汉语
  
,
huì
不会
xiě
hàn
汉字
  

He can only speak Chinese, but can't write characters.

12
Zuótiān
昨天
jiù
  
(
zhī
  
)
shuì
le
liǎng
xiǎoshí
小时
  

I only slept two hours yesterday.

Exercise

Fill with 就 or 只:

 

1, 这辆自行车不贵,( )60块。

2, 学语言不能( )听不说。

3, 你( )可以带20公斤的东西上飞机。

4, 其他人都知道了,( )我不知道。

5, 林师傅( )修自行车,不卖自行车。

6, 大家都在学习,( )她在看电视。

7, 我( )喝过一次白酒。

8, 房间里( )我一个人。