HSK 2
Correct

能 vs 可以

/ néng vs kěyǐ /
Strokes
https://i.cchatty2.com/filters:format(webp)/fit-in/684x0/img/202005/能vs可以-Chinese-grammar-Cchatty-yyyy-1589851746.jpg

Formula

1
不 + 能
2
不 + 可以
3
能 + 不
4
能……不
5
能 + 没(有)
6
不 + 可以
7
不 + 能
8
没 + 能

Definition

能 and 可以 both are Auxiliary Verbs (助动词) or Optative Verbs (能愿动词), means [may, can]

 

1, 能 and 可以 can be used to express "permission"

 

2, 能 and 可以 can be used to express "possibility"

 

3, 不能/不可以 is used to mean "not allowed", 没能 is used to indicate something is not realized

Example

能 and 可以 both can be used to indicate possibility.
可以 in indicates the possibility of a choice.
1
néng
bāng
xué
hàn
汉语
ma
  
?

Can you help me with my Chinese?

2
可以
bāng
xué
hàn
汉语
ma
  
?

Can you help me with my Chinese?

3
Zuò
fēi
飞机
tài
guì
  
,
可以
zuò
huǒchē
火车
  

It's too expensive to take plane, you can take train.

能 and 可以 both can be used to indicate permission.
When expressing forbiddance, 不能 is usually used and 不可以 can also be used.
不 + 能 不 + 可以
4
可以
  
(
néng
  
)
zài
zhè
这里
yān
吸烟
  
!

You can't smoke here!

5
可以
  
(
néng
  
)
jìn
进入
zhège
这个
fángjiān
房间
  

You are not allowed to enter the room.

能不, 能……不 or 能没(有) is used, when indicating possibility in a rhetorical question.
能 + 不 能……不 能 + 没(有)
6
shì
zhōngguó
中国
rén
  
,
hàn
汉语
néng
shuō
de
hǎo
不好
ma
  
?
  
(
dìng
一定
shuō
de
hǎo
  
  
)

He is Chinese. Can he speak Chinese badly? (His Chinese must be good.)

7
zhème
这么
xīn
辛苦
cái
chénggōng
成功
  
,
néng
gāoxìng
高兴
ma
  
?
  
(
dìng
一定
hěn
gāoxìng
高兴
  
  
)

Can't he be pleased that he has worked so hard to succeed? (He must be happy.)

能 is used to indicate one is very good at doing something.
8
hěn
néng
pǎo
  

He is good at running. (He can run for a long time.)

9
ge
哥哥
hěn
néng
jiǔ
喝酒
  

My brother can drink a lot.

可以 can be used as a predicate by itself to indicate it is not bad or agreement.
能 cannot be used in this way.
10
Zhè
gōu
huà
zhèyàng
这样
jiěshì
解释
可以
  

This sentence can be interpreted this way.

11
qiú
打球
可以
  
,
zàijiā
在家
xiūxi
休息
  

If you don't play ball games, you can stay at home.

不能 and 不可以 used as negative forms
1) 不能 and 不可以, used to indicate not permitted, it is their negative forms,

2) 没能, used to indicate something is not realized; we don't say 没可以(X)
不 + 可以 不 + 能 没 + 能
12
A
A
  
:
可以
gào
告诉
zhèxiē
这些
rén
de
diànhuà
电话
hào
号码
ma
  
?
B
B
  
:
可以
  
,
men
他们
tóng
同意
  

A: Can you tell me the phone numbers of these people? B: No, they don't agree. (be not permitted)

13
A
A
  
:
néng
bāng
xiě
zuò
作业
ma
  
?
B
B
  
:
néng
bāng
  
,
lǎoshī
老师
yāoqiú
要求
自己
wánchéng
完成
zuò
作业
  

A: Can you help me with my homework? B: I can't help. The teacher asks us to finish homework by ourselves. (be not permitted)

14
jīnnián
今年
méi
néng
huíjiā
回家
  
,
yīnwèi
因为
méi
mǎi
dào
chēpiào
车票
  

I didn't return home this year because I didn't get a ticket.

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with 能 or 可以, please note that both are correct in some cases.

 

1. 你( )帮我看看这个字怎么读吗?

2. 他的腿好了,又( )踢球了!

3. 小男孩作业做完了,所以他( )出去玩了。

4. 男朋友送的花,她( )不喜欢吗?

5. 他开车都已经开了十年了,( )开得不好吗?

6. 我不( )帮你完成这个工作,你必须自己完成。

7. 昨天下了一场大雨,我没( )去室外散步。

8. 你每天跑着去上学也( )。